Air oxidation nzira inzira yeoxidation inoshandisa oxygen mumhepo kuti iite oxidizeceriumkune tetravalent mune mamwe mamiriro. Iyi nzira inowanzo sanganisira kugocha fluorocarbon cerium ore concentrate, isingawanzo pasi oxalates, uye carbonates mumhepo (inozivikanwa sekugocha oxidation) kana kugocha isingawanzo pasi hydroxides (dry air oxidation) kana kuunza mweya mune isingawanzo pasi hydroxides slurry (wet air oxidation) yeoxidation.
1, Kugocha oxidation
Kugocha iyo fluorocarbon cerium concentrate mumhepo pa500 ℃ kana kugocha iyo Baiyunebo isingawanzo pasi inonangana nesodium carbonate mumhepo pa600-700 ℃. Munguva yekuora kweasingawanzo zvicherwa zvepasi, cerium mumaminerari inoiswa oxidized kune tetravalent. Nzira dzekuparadzanisaceriumkubva kune zvigadzirwa zve calcined zvinosanganisira isingawanzo pasi sulfate kaviri munyu nzira, solvent yekubvisa nzira, nezvimwe.
Mukuwedzera kune oxidation kugocha kwerare pasikutarisisa, munyu senge isingawanzo pasi oxalate uye isingawanzo pasi carbonate inoodza mukuora mumhepo, uye cerium inoiswa oxidized kuCeO2. Kuve nechokwadi chekunyungudika kwakanaka kweiyo isingawanzo pasi oxide musanganiswa inowanikwa nekugocha, tembiricha yekugocha haifanirwe kunge yakanyanya kukwirira, kazhinji pakati pe700 ne800 ℃. Oxides inogona kunyungudika mu1-1.5mol/L sulfuric acid solution kana 4-5mol/L nitric acid solution. Kana leaching yakagochwa ore ine sulfuric acid uye nitric acid, cerium inonyanya kupinda mumhinduro mune tetravalent fomu. Iyo yekutanga inosanganisira kuwana isingawanzo pasi sulfate solution ine 50g/L REO kutenderedza 45 ℃, uyezve kugadzira cerium dioxide uchishandisa nzira yeP204 yekubvisa; Iyo yekupedzisira inosanganisira kugadzirira isingawanzo pasi nitrate solution ine REO ye150-200g/L patembiricha ye80-85 ℃, uyezve kushandisa TBP kudhirowa kuparadzanisa cerium.
Kana maokisi epasi asingawanzo nyungudutswa ne dilute sulfuric acid kana nitric acid, CeO2 haina kunyungudika. Nokudaro, chidimbu chiduku che hydrofluoric acid chinoda kuwedzerwa kune chigadziro sechinhu chinokonzera munguva yekupedzisira yekuparara kuti ivandudze solubility yeCeO2.
2, Dry air oxidation
Isa iyo isingawanzo pasi hydroxide muchoto chekuomesa uye oxidize iyo pasi pemhepo inofefetera pa100-120 ℃ kwemaawa 16-24. Iyo oxidation reaction yakaita seinotevera:
4Ce(OH)3+O2+2H2O=4Ce(OH)4
Iyo oxidation rate yecerium inogona kusvika 97%. Kana tembiricha yeoxidation ikawedzera kuwedzera kusvika 140 ℃, nguva yeoxidation inogona kupfupikiswa kusvika maawa 4-6, uye mwero weoxidation wecerium unogonawo kusvika 97% ~ 98%. Iyo yakaoma mhepo oxidation process inoburitsa huwandu hukuru hweguruva uye hurombo hwebasa mamiriro, ayo parizvino ari kunyanya kushandiswa murabhoritari.
3, Atmospheric wet air oxidation
Sanganisa rare earth hydroxide nemvura kuti iite slurry, dzora REO concentration kusvika 50-70g/L, wedzera NaOH kuti iwedzere alkalinity ye slurry kusvika 0.15-0.30mol/L, uye kana yapisa kusvika 85 ℃, yakananga kupinza mweya ku oxidize ese trivalent cerium mune slurry kune tetravalent cerium. Munguva ye oxidation process, kubuda kwemvura kwakakura, saka imwe huwandu hwemvura hunofanira kuwedzerwa chero nguva kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwakanyanya kwepasi risingawanzo. Kana 40L ye slurry yakasvibiswa mubatch imwe neimwe, nguva ye oxidation ndeye 4-5 maawa, uye iyo oxidation rate ye cerium inogona kusvika 98%. Kana 8m3 yepasi isingawanzo hydroxide slurry yakasvibiswa nguva imwe neimwe, mhepo inoyerera ndeye 8-12m3 / min, uye nguva ye oxidation inowedzera kusvika 15h, iyo oxidation rate yecerium inogona kusvika 97% ~ 98%.
Hunhu hwemuchadenga wet air oxidation nzira ndeiyi: yakakwira oxidation rate yecerium, yakakura kubuda, yakanaka yekushanda mamiriro, nyore kushanda, uye nzira iyi inowanzoshandiswa muindasitiri kugadzira crude cerium dioxide.
4. Yakamanikidzwa wet air oxidation
Pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakajairika, oxidation yemhepo inotora nguva yakareba, uye vanhu vanopfupisa nguva yeoxidation nekushandisa kumanikidza. Kuwedzera kwemhepo yemhepo, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera kweokisijeni chikamu chekumanikidzwa muhurongwa, kunobatsira pakuparara kweokisijeni mumugadziro uye kupararira kweokisijeni kune kupararira kwepamusoro kwezvisingawanzoitiki pasi hydroxide particles, nokudaro kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekuita.
Sanganisa rare earth hydroxide nemvura kusvika pa60g/L, gadzirisa pH kusvika 13 ne sodium hydroxide, simudza tembiricha kusvika pa80 ℃, unza mweya we oxidation, dzora kudzvanywa pa 0.4MPa, uye oxidize kweawa imwe. Iyo oxidation rate yecerium inogona kusvika pamusoro pe95%. Mukugadzirwa chaiko, iyo oxidation mbishi zvinhu zvisingawanzo pasi hydroxide inowanikwa nekushandurwa kwealkali kuburikidza nekunaya kwepasi isingawanzo sodium sulfate yakaoma munyu. Kuti upfupise maitiro, kunaya kwepasi isingawanzo sodium sulfate yakaoma munyu uye alkaline mhinduro inogona kuwedzerwa kune yakamanikidzwa oxidation tank, kuchengetedza imwe kudzvanywa uye tembiricha. Mhepo kana okisijeni yakapfuma inogona kuunzwa kushandura nyika isingawanzo mumunyu wakaoma kuita isingawanzo pasi hydroxides, uye panguva imwecheteyo, Ce (OH) 3 mairi inogona kuve oxidized kuCe (OH) 4.
Pasi pemamiriro ekumanikidzwa, chiyero chekushandura alkali yemunyu wakaoma, chiyero che oxidation yecerium, uye chiyero che oxidation ye cerium zvose zvinovandudzwa. Mushure memaminitsi makumi mana nemashanu ekuita, chiyero chekushandurwa kwealkali yemunyu yakapetwa kaviri uye chiyero cheoxidation checerium chakasvika pamusoro pe96%.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-09-2023