Cerium, chikamu 58 chetafura ye periodic.
Ceriumndiyo yakanyanya kuwanda isingawanzo simbi yepasi, uye pamwe chete neyakambowanikwa yttrium element, inovhura musuwo wekuwanikwa kweimwe.rare pasizvinhu.
Muna 1803, musayendisiti weGermany Klaprott akawana chinhu chitsva cheokisidhi mudombo dzvuku rinorema rakagadzirwa muguta diki reSweden reVastras, iro raionekwa ocher pakutsva. Panguva imwecheteyo, maSwedish chemist Bezilius na Hissinger vakawanawo oxide yechinhu chimwe muore. Kusvikira 1875, vanhu vakawana simbi cerium kubva yakanyungudutswa cerium oxide ne electrolysis.
Cerium simbiinoshanda zvakanyanya uye inogona kupisa kuita powdered cerium oxide. Cerium iron alloy yakasanganiswa nezvimwe zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi inogona kuburitsa sparks dzakanaka kana ichikwesha pazvinhu zvakaoma, ichibatidza zvinobatidza zvakatenderedza, uye chinhu chakakosha mumidziyo yekubatidza senge mwenje uye spark plugs. Ichazvipisawo pachayo, ichiperekedzwa nesparks dzakanaka, simbi yakawedzerwa uye imwe Lanthanide, kungowedzera mhedzisiro yezvitsva izvi. Mesh yakagadzirwa necerium kana kuisirwa necerium munyu inogona kuwedzera kushanda kwemafuta ekupisa uye kuve yakanakisa kupisa kwekubatsira, iyo inogona kuchengetedza mafuta. Cerium zvakare yakanaka girazi yekuwedzera, iyo inogona kutora ultraviolet uye infrared mwaranzi, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muMota girazi. Haikwanisi kudzivirira ultraviolet rays chete, asiwo kuderedza kutonhora mumotokari, kuchengetedza magetsi kune air conditioning.
Mamwe mashandisirwo ecerium anoenderana nekushandurwa pakati pe trivalent cerium uye tetravalent cerium, iyo ine yakasarudzika zvimiro mumasimbi epasi asingawanzo. Iyi ficha inobvumira cerium kunyatsochengeta uye kuburitsa okisijeni, iyo inogona kushandiswa muSolid oxide fuel cell kukonzeresa Redox, nekudaro kuwana mafambiro anotungamira emagetsi kuti aumbe ikozvino. MaZeolite akaiswa necerium uye lanthanum anogona kushanda seanokonzeresa petroleum kupaza panguva yekunatsa. Kushandiswa kwecerium oxide uye simbi dzakakosha mumotokari ternary catalytic converters inogona kushandura magasi emafuta anokuvadza kuita nitrogen isina kusvibiswa, kabhoni dhaibhoni, uye mvura, zvichinyatso kudzivirira huwandu hukuru hwekubuda kwemotokari. Nekuda kwekugona kwayo kutora oxygen, vanhu vari kuongororawo mashandisiro ecerium oxide nanoparticles mu antioxidant therapy. A solid state laser system yakagadziridzwa neUnited States ine cerium, inogona kushandiswa kuona zvombo zvebhayoloji nekutarisa huwandu hweTryptophan, uye inogona zvakare kushandiswa pakurapa.
Nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika photophysical zvimiro, cerium zvakare yakakosha kwazvo catalyst, iyo inoita yakachipaCerium(IV) oxideinofarirwa nevesainzi mundima yezvinokonzeresa. Musi waChikunguru 27, 2018, magazini yeScience yakaburitsa tsvakiridzo huru yakaitwa nechikwata chaZuo Zhiwei kubva kuSchool of Material Science and Technology cheShanghaiTech University - ichikurudzira kushandurwa kwemethane nechiedza. Chinokosha mukugadzirisa maitiro ndechekutsvaga yakachipa uye inoshanda Synergistic catalysis system yecerium based catalyst uye doro catalyst, iyo inogadzirisa zvinobudirira dambudziko resainzi rekushandisa simba rechiedza kushandura methane kuita zvigadzirwa zvemvura patembiricha yekamuri mune imwe nhanho, Inopa a mhinduro itsva, ine hupfumi uye ine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza yekushandura methane kuita yakakwira kukosha-yakawedzerwa zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari, senge Rocket propellant fuel.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-01-2023