Sechiyereso chakareruka chakakosha pamidziyo yekufambisa nendege, iyo macroscopic mechaniki zvivakwa zvealuminium alloy zvine hukama zvakanyanya neiyo microstructure. Nekushandura iyo huru alloying zvinhu mualuminium alloy chimiro, iyo microstructure yealuminium alloy inogona kuchinjwa, uye macroscopic mechanical properties uye zvimwe zvinhu (zvakadai sekudzivirira kuora uye welding performance) yezvinyorwa zvinogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya. Kusvika ikozvino, microalloying yave yakanyanya kuvimbisa tekinoroji yekuvandudza nzira yekugonesa iyo microstructure yealuminium alloys uye kuvandudza huwandu hwakakwana hwealuminium alloy zvinhu.Scandium(Sc) ndiyo inonyanya kushanda microalloying element inosimudzira inozivikanwa nealuminium alloys. Kunyungudika kwescandium mualuminium matrix ishoma pane 0.35 wt.%, Kuwedzera huwandu hwe scandium element kune aruminiyamu alloys kunogona zvinobudirira kuvandudza microstructure yavo, kunyatso wedzera simba ravo, kuoma, plasticity, kugadzikana kwekupisa, uye kusagadzikana kwekuora. Scandium ine akawanda emuviri mhedzisiro mune aruminiyamu alloys, kusanganisira yakasimba mhinduro kusimbisa, particle kusimbisa, uye inhibition ye recrystallization. Ichi chinyorwa chichasuma nhoroondo yebudiriro, kufambira mberi kwazvino, uye mashandisiro angangoita e scandium ine aruminiyamu alloys mumunda wekugadzira michina yendege.
Tsvagiridzo uye Kuvandudzwa kweAluminium Scandium Alloy
Kuwedzerwa kwe scandium sechinhu chinosanganisa kune aruminiyamu alloys inogona kuteverwa kumashure kuma1960s. Panguva iyoyo, basa rakawanda raiitwa mumabhinari Al Sc uye ternary AlMg Sc alloy system. Mumakore ekuma1970, Baykov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science yeSoviet Academy of Sciences uye All Russian Institute of Light Alloy Research yakaita tsvakurudzo yakarongeka pamusoro pechimiro uye nzira ye scandium mune aruminiyamu alloys. Mushure memakore anoda kusvika makumi mana ekuedza, gumi nemana mamakisi ealuminium scandium alloys akagadzirwa mumatatu makuru akatevedzana (Al Mg Sc, Al Li Sc, Al Zn Mg Sc). Kunyungudika kwemaatomu e scandium mualuminium kwakadzikira, uye nekushandisa nzira dzakakodzera dzekupisa kupisa, high-density Al3Sc nano precipitates inogona kunaya. Ichi chikamu chekunaya kwemvura chinenge chakatenderera, chine zvimedu zvidiki uye kuparadzirwa kwakapararira, uye ine hukama hwakanaka hwakabatana nealuminium matrix, iyo inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kusimba kwekamuri yekupisa yealuminium alloys. Uye zvakare, Al3Sc nano precipitates ine yakanaka kugadzikana kwekupisa uye kusimba kwekudzivirira pakupisa kwakanyanya (mukati me400 ℃), iyo inobatsira zvakanyanya kune yakasimba kupisa kupisa kwealloy. MuchiRussian yakagadzirwa aruminiyamu scandium alloys, 1570 alloy yakakwezva kutarisisa nekuda kwesimba rayo repamusoro uye kushandiswa kwakakura kwazvo. Iyi alloy inoratidza kuita kwakanaka mukushanda kwekushisa kwe -196 ℃ kusvika 70 ℃ uye ine superplasticity, iyo inogona kutsiva iyo yekuRussia yakagadzirwa LF6 aruminiyamu alloy (an aluminium magnesium alloy inonyanya kuumbwa nealuminium, magnesium, mhangura, manganese, uye silicon) yekuremedza-inotakura welding yepakati, inovandudza mashandiro eokisijeni. Pamusoro pezvo, Russia yakagadzirawo aluminium zinc magnesium scandium alloys, inomiririrwa ne1970, ine simba rezvinhu rinopfuura 500MPa.
Iyo Industrialization Status yeAluminium Scandium Alloy
Muna 2015, European Union yakaburitsa "European Metallurgical Roadmap: Prospects for Manufacturers and End Users", vachikurudzira kudzidza nezve weldability yealuminium.magnesium scandium alloys. MunaGunyana 2020, European Union yakaburitsa runyorwa rwemakumi maviri nemapfumbamwe ezvicherwa zviwanikwa, kusanganisira scandium. Iyo 5024H116 aluminium magnesium scandium alloy yakagadzirwa neAle Aluminium kuGermany ine simba repakati kusvika pakakwirira uye kushivirira kwekukuvara kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chinovimbisa kwazvo cheganda refuselage. Inogona kushandiswa kutsiva yechinyakare 2xxx akateedzana aruminiyamu alloys uye akaverengerwa muAirbus 'AIMS03-01-055 bhuku rekutenga zvinhu. 5028 igiredhi rakavandudzwa re5024, rakakodzera laser welding uye friction inomutsa welding. Iyo inogona kuzadzisa iyo inokambaira yekugadzira maitiro e hyperbolic akakosha emadziro mapaneru, ayo anodzivirira corrosion uye asingade aluminium coating. Kuenzaniswa ne2524 alloy, iyo yakazara madziro emadziro chimiro chefuselage inogona kuwana 5% yehuremu hwekudzikisira. Iyo AA5024-H116 aluminium scandium alloy sheet inogadzirwa neAili Aluminium Kambani yakashandiswa kugadzira fuselage yendege uye zvinhu zvemuchadenga. Iyo yakajairwa gobvu yeAA5024-H116 alloy sheet ndeye 1.6mm kusvika 8.0mm, uye nekuda kwekushomeka kwayo, zvine mwero michina zvivakwa, yakakwirira corrosion kuramba, uye kwakasimba dimensional kutsauka, inogona kutsiva 2524 alloy se fuselage ganda. Parizvino, iyo AA5024-H116 alloy sheet yakasimbiswa neAirbus AIMS03-04-055. Muna Zvita 2018, Bazi reIndasitiri uye Ruzivo rweTekinoroji yeChina yakaburitsa "Kutungamira Catalog yeBatch Yekutanga Yesekondari Chikumbiro Chiratidziro cheZvinhu Zvitsva Zvitsva (2018 Edition)", iyo yaisanganisira "high-purity scandium oxide" mukatalogi yekuvandudza yeindastiri yezvigadzirwa zvitsva. Muna 2019, Bazi reIndasitiri uye Ruzivo rweTekinoroji yeChina yakaburitsa "Kutungamira Catalog yeBatch Yekutanga Yekuratidzira Zvishandiso zveKiyi Zvitsva Zvishandiso (2019 Edition)", iyo yaisanganisira "Sc ine aluminium alloy kugadzirisa zvinhu uye Al Si Sc welding waya" mukatalogi yekuvandudza yeindasitiri yezvishandiso zvitsva. China Aluminium Group Northeast Light Alloy yakagadzira Al Mg Sc Zr series 5B70 alloy ine scandium uye zirconium. Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa Al Mg akateedzana 5083 alloy isina scandium uye zirconium, goho rayo uye kusimba kwesimba kwakawedzera neinopfuura 30%. Uyezve, iyo Al Mg Sc Zr alloy inogona kuchengetedza yakafanana corrosion kuramba kune 5083 alloy. Parizvino, makuru emumba mabhizinesi ane maindasitiri giredhialuminium scandium alloyhunyanzvi hwekugadzira ndeyeNortheast Light Alloy Kambani uye Maodzanyemba akadziva kumadokero Aluminium Indasitiri. Iyo hombe-yakakura 5B70 aruminiyamu scandium alloy sheet yakagadzirwa neNortheast Light Alloy Co., Ltd. inogona kupa hombe aruminiyamu alloy mahwendefa akakora ane hurefu hwe70mm uye hupamhi hwepamusoro hwe3500mm; Zvigadzirwa zvemapepa matete uye zvigadzirwa zveprofile zvinogona kugadziridzwa kugadzirwa, nehupamhi hwepakati pe2mm kusvika 6mm uye hupamhi hwepamusoro hwe1500mm. Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweAluminium yakazvimiririra yakagadzira 5K40 zvinhu uye yakafambira mberi zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwemahwendefa matete. Al Zn Mg alloy inguva yekuomesa alloy ine simba rakawanda, kuita kwakanaka kwekugadzirisa, uye kuita kwakanakisa kwewelding. Chinhu chakakosha uye chakakosha chiumbwa mumotokari dzekufambisa dzakaita sendege. Pahwaro hwepakati simba weldable AlZn Mg, kuwedzera scandium uye zirconium alloy zvinhu zvinogona kuumba madiki uye akapararira Al3 (Sc, Zr) nanoparticles muiyo microstructure, inovandudza zvakanyanya ma mechanic zvivakwa uye kushushikana kwekupokana kweiyo alloy. Iyo Langley Research Center yeNASA yakagadzira ternary aluminium scandium alloy ine giredhi C557, iyo yakagadzirira kushandiswa mumuenzaniso mishoni. Kusimba kwakasimba, kupararira kwekutsemuka, uye kuomarara kwekutsemuka kweiyi alloy patembiricha yakaderera (-200 ℃), tembiricha yemukamuri, uye tembiricha yepamusoro (107 ℃) zvese zvakaenzana kana zvirinani pane izvo zve2524 alloy. Northwestern University muUnited States yakagadzira iyo AlZn Mg Sc alloy 7000 yakatevedzana Ultra-yakakwirira simba aruminiyamu alloy, ine tensile simba rinosvika 680MPa. Iyo pateni yekubatana kwekubatana pakati pepakati-yakakwirira simba aluminium scandium alloy uye Ultra-yakakwirira simba Al Zn Mg Sc yakaumbwa. Al Zn Mg Cu Sc alloy ndeye yakakwirira-simba aruminiyamu alloy ine tensile simba rinopfuura 800 MPa. Parizvino, iwo mazita ekuumbwa uye basic performance parameters emagiredhi makuru ealuminium scandium alloyinopfupikiswa sezvinotevera, sezvinoratidzwa muTebhurari 1 ne2.
Tafura 1 | Nominal Kuumbwa kweAluminium Scandium Alloy
Tafura 2 | Microstructure uye Tensile Zvivakwa zveAluminium Scandium Alloy
Tarisiro yekushandisa yealuminium scandium alloy
Simba repamusoro Al Zn Mg Cu Sc uye Al CuLi Sc alloys akaiswa kune inotakura-inotakura zvimiro zvikamu, kusanganisira yeRussia MiG-21 uye MiG-29 kurwira jets. Dashboard yeRussia spacecraft "Mars-1" yakagadzirwa ne1570 aluminium scandium alloy, ine huremu hwese huremu hwe20%. Zvikamu zvinotakura zvinhu zvechiridzwa cheMars-96 spacecraft chakagadzirwa ne1970 aluminium alloy ine scandium, ichideredza huremu hwechiridzwa chemodule ne 10 Clean "Flight Sky" chirongwa ne 10 Clean "EU" chirongwa cheEU. Route” purojekiti, Airbus yakaita dhizaini yakabatana yekutakura mikova yegonhi, kutsvagisa nekusimudzira, kugadzira, nekuisa bvunzo dzendege dzeA321 ndege zvichibva pane anotsiva giredhi AA5028-H116 aruminiyamu scandium alloy ye5024 aruminiyamu scandium alloy. Laser welding kuti iwane yakavimbika yekubatanidza scandium ine aruminiyamu alloy zvinhu Yakatyora tekinoroji yekutenderera kwakasimba kwezvakasiyana-siyana madziro emadziro, kutonga kwekupokana uye simba rekuenzanisa, uye kutonga kwekushongedza kwakasara kushushikana. Yakagadzirira aluminium scandium alloy adaptive welding waya, uye iyo yakabatana simba coefficient yekukwesha inosimudzira mahwendefa mualloy inogona kusvika 0.92, kuita iyo Central University yekuongorora uye kuyedza kwakadzama kweChina 5B70 zvinhu, yakakwidziridzwa uye yakadzokorodza sisitimu yekusarudza zvinhu zve5A06, uye vatanga kushandisa iyo 5B70 aruminiyamu alloy kune chikuru chimiro chese chakasimbiswa madziro mapaneru enzvimbo yakavharwa kabhini uye yekudzoka kabhini Iyo yese madziro emadziro edhisheni yakatsikirirwa kabhini inogadzirwa nekubatanidzwa kwepamusoro ganda rekubatanidza uye kuumbwa kwehuremu huremu. Nekunatsiridza kuomarara uye kusimba kwese, kunoderedza huwandu uye kuoma kwekubatanidza zvikamu, nekudaro kunowedzera kuderedza uremu nekuchengetedza kukwirira kwekuita kwe5B70 zvinhu zveinjiniya, kushandiswa kwe5B70 zvinhu kuchawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uye kudarika chikumbaridzo chekugovera, izvo zvichabatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa uye yakagadzikana yemhando yezvinhu zvakagadziriswa, zvakanyanya kuderera ma alloys akagadziridzwa kuburikidza ne scandium microalloying, mutengo wepamusoro uye kushomeka kwescandium kunodzikamisa mashandisirwo emhando yealuminium scandium alloys kana ichienzaniswa nealuminum alloy zvinhu zvakaita seAl Cu, Al Zn, Al ZnMg, scandium ine aruminiyamu alloy zvinhu zvine yakanaka yakazara michina zvivakwa, ngura yekugadzira, uye inovaita hukuru mukugadzirisa mashandisirwo emhando, uye inovaita hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu. Nekuenderera mberi nekudzika kwetsvakiridzo yescandium microalloying tekinoroji uye kuvandudzwa kweketani yekugovera uye maindasitiri echeni inofananidzwa, mutengo uye zvinhu zvinodhura zvinotadzisa maindasitiri makuru ekushandisa scandium aruminiyamu alloys anozovandudza zvishoma nezvishoma zvivakwa, corrosion kuramba, uye yakanakisa kugadzirisa huremu huremu hwearuminiyamu huremu hunoita kuti ive nemukana wakajeka wekushandisa aruminiyamu. munda wekugadzira midziyo yekubhururuka.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-29-2024