Kutora, kugadzirira uye kuchengetedza kwakachengeteka kwegadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃)zvinhu zvakakosha zverare Earth element processing. Inotevera irondedzero yakadzama:
一、Kubvisa nzira ye gadolinium oxide
Gadolinium oxide inowanzo kutorwa kubva kune isingawanzo pasi ores ine gadolinium, yakajairika ores inosanganisira monazite uye bastnäsite. Iyo yekubvisa maitiro anonyanya kusanganisira anotevera matanho:
1.Ore decomposition:
Iyo isingawanzo yepasi ore inoodzwa neasidhi kana alkaline nzira.
Acid nzira: Bata ore neconcentrated sulfuric acid kana hydrochloric acid kushandura zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi kuita munyu unonyungudika.
Alkaline nzira: Shandisa sodium hydroxide kana potassium hydroxide kunyungudutsa ore pakupisa kwepamusoro kushandura zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi kuita hydroxides.
2.Rare pasi kupatsanurwa:
Kupatsanura gadolinium kubva kune yakasanganiswa isingawanzo gadziriso yepasi nekubvisa solvent kana ion exchange.
Solvent extraction method: Shandisa organic solvents (senge tributyl phosphate) kuti usarudze kubvisa gadolinium ions.
Ion shanduko nzira: Shandisa ion exchange resin kuparadzanisa gadolinium ions.
3.Kunatswa kwegadolinium:
Kuburikidza neakawanda maextracts kana ion exchange, zvimwe zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi uye tsvina zvinobviswa kuti zviwane high-purity gadolinium compounds (senge gadolinium chloride kana gadolinium nitrate).
4.Kushandurwa kuita gadolinium oxide:
Iyo yakacheneswa gadolinium compound (yakadai se gadolinium nitrate kana gadolinium oxalate) inocheneswa pakupisa kwepamusoro kuti iparare uye ibudise gadolinium oxide.
Maitiro ekuita muenzaniso: 2 Gd(NO₃)₃ → Gd₂O₃ + 6 NO₂ + 3/2 O₂
二、Kugadzirira nzira ye gadolinium oxide
1. High tembiricha calcination nzira:
Calcine gadolinium munyu (senge gadolinium nitrate, gadolinium oxalate kana gadolinium carbonate) patembiricha yepamusoro (pamusoro pe800°C) kuti iparare uye ibudise gadolinium oxide.
Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa nzira yekugadzirira uye inokodzera kugadzirwa kukuru.
2.Hydrothermal nzira:
Gadolinium oxide nanoparticles inogadzirwa nekuita gadolinium munyu ine alkaline mhinduro pasi pekushisa kwepamusoro uye yakanyanya kudzvanywa hydrothermal mamiriro.
Iyi nzira inogona kugadzirira yakakwirira-kuchena gadolinium oxide ine maunifomu particle size.
3.Sol-gel nzira:
Gadolinium salt inosanganiswa ne organic precursors (yakadai se citric acid) kuti iite sol, iyo inobva yaiswa gelled, yakaomeswa uye calcined kuwana gadolinium oxide.
Iyi nzira yakakodzera kugadzirira nano-scale gadolinium oxide powder.
三、Mamiriro ekuchengetedza akachengeteka egadolinium oxide
Gadolinium oxide haina kugadzikana patembiricha yekamuri, asi zvinotevera kuchengetedza zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kushanda kwezvinhu:
1.Moisture-proof:
Gadolinium oxide ine imwe nhanho yehygroscopicity uye inofanirwa kuchengetwa munzvimbo yakaoma kudzivirira kubata nehunyoro.
Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mudziyo wakavharwa uye kuwedzera desiccant (yakadai silica gel).
2.Light-proof:
Gadolinium oxide inonzwa kuchiedza, uye kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune chiedza chakasimba kunogona kukanganisa kushanda kwayo.
Inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera, ine rima.
3.Temperature control:
Iyo tembiricha yekuchengetera inofanirwa kudzorwa mukati meiyo kamuri tembiricha (15-25 ° C), kudzivirira yakakwirira kana yakaderera tembiricha nharaunda.
Kupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera shanduko yemaitiro mugadolinium oxide, uye tembiricha yakaderera inogona kukonzera hygroscopicity.
4.Dzivisa kusangana neasidhi:
Gadolinium oxide is alkaline oxide uye ichaita zvechisimba neasidhi.
Ramba kure nezvinhu zvine acidic panguva yekuchengetedza.
5.Dzivisa huruva:
Gadolinium oxide poda inogona kutsamwisa nzira yekufema uye ganda.
Shandisa midziyo yakavharwa paunenge uchichengeta uye uchipfeka midziyo yekudzivirira (senge masks nemagirovhosi) paunenge uchibata.
IV. Zvekungwaririra
1.Toxicity:Gadolinium oxide pachayo yakaderera muhupfu, asi guruva rayo rinogona kutsamwisa nzira yekufema uye ganda, saka kubata kwakananga kunofanira kudzivirirwa.
2.Kurasa tsvina:Tsvina gadolinium oxide inofanira kushandiswa zvakare kana kurapwa zvinoenderana nemakemikari ane njodzi anobata mirau kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Kuburikidza nepamusoro pekutora, kugadzirira uye nzira dzekuchengetedza, yepamusoro-soro gadolinium oxide inogona kuwanikwa zvakanaka uye zvakachengeteka kuti isangane nezvido zvayo mumunda wemagnetic materials, optical devices, imaging yezvokurapa, nezvimwewo.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-28-2025