Barium Metal (1)

1, Nhanganyaya Yekutanga

Chinese Zita:Bariamu, Chirungu zita:Bariamu, Chiratidzo chelementBa, ATOMIC nhamba 56 muTafura yeTafura, iIia boka alkaline Pasi pepasi neyekupedzisira, Cubic central, Barium is a alkaline Pasi Pasi rine sirivheri chena, nemurazvo wemoto wero yero nyoro, nyoro, uye ductle.Bariamuine zvivakwa zvinoshanda zvemakemikari uye zvinogona kuita neisiri-simbi.Bariamuhaina kumbobvira yawanikwa sechinhu chimwe chete mune zvakasikwa.Bariamumunyu une muchetura kunze kweBariamuSulfate. Pamusoro pe,Metallic BariamuIne kuderedzwa kwakasimba uye kunogona kuderedza yakawanda yesimbi oxides, mersides, uye salfides kuti uwane simbi inoenderana. ZvirimoBariamuMune crust ndeye 0.05%, uye zvinonyanya kujairika zvicherwa mune zvisikwa zviri barite (BariamuSulfate) uye Wima (Bariamucarbonate). Barium anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapoka akadai semagetsi, ceramics, mushonga, uye peturu.

2, kuwanikwa kweBariamuuye chimiro chekuvandudza cheChinaBariamuIndasitiri

1. Nhoroondo pfupi yekuwanikwa kweBariamu

Alkaline Pasi Pasi Simbi Sulfides Engffhescence, zvinoreva kuti ivo vanoregedza kusimbisa mwenje murima kwenguva yakati rebei mushure mekuvhenekerwa nechiedza. Zviri chaizvo nekuda kwehunhu uhu hwachoBariamumakomputa atanga kutariswa.

Muna 1602, V. Casiorollus, shoemaker mu bologna, Italy, yakawana kuti barite rineBariamuSulfate yakaburitsa mwenje murima mushure mekubaya nezvinhu zvinowoneka. Ichi chiitiko chakamutsa kufarira kweEuropean chemakemikari. Muna 1774, Sweden Chemist CW SchEele akawana chinhu chitsva mubhari, asi iye akatadza kuzviparadzanisa, chete nzombe dzezvinhu izvo. Muna 1776, Johan Gottlieb Gah akaparadzanisa nzombe iyi iri mune yakafanana. Baryta yakatanga kutaurwa nezvayo barote by barote by barton de mortauau, uye yakazotumidzwa zita rekuti (rinorema pasi) naAntyoine Lavoisier. Muna 1808, Briteni Chemist Humphry Davy akashandisa Mercury seCathode, Platinum seanoda, uye Basole Barite (Baso4) kugadziraBariamuAmalgam. Mushure mekuregedza kubvisa mercury, simbi ine yakadzika kuchena yakawanikwa uye inotumidzwaBariamu.

Maindasitiri ekushandisa ane nhoroondo yemakore anopfuura zana

Pakutanga kwepakati pezana ramakore re19, vanhu vakatanga kushandisa barite (akakosha mineral kuti abudiseBariamuuyeBariamumakomputa) seye filer yekupenda. Kubva muzana rino ramakore, barite razova zvinhu zvikuru zvekugadzira zvekugadzira zvakasiyana-siyanaBariamuine zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari. Nekuda kwechikamu chayo chakakosha, uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari zvivakwa, uye kusakwana mumvura uye acids, barite yakashandiswa semumiriri anorema kwemafuta uye gasi kuchera madhaka pakutanga kusvika kuma1920s.BariamuSulfate inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kweiyo chena pigment uye inogona kushandiswa semuridzi uye colant yerabha.

2. Mamiriro eChinaBariamuindasitiri

ZvakajairikaBariamuSalTS inosanganisiraBariamuSulfate,BariamuNitrate, Barium Chloride,Bariamucarbonate,BariamuCyanide, nezvimwe.BariamuZvigadzirwa zvemunyu zvinonyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yemagetsi seyakawandisa yemhando yemufananidzo machubhu nemagineti zvinhu.

Parizvino, China rave mugadziri wepasi rose mukuru weBariamumunyu. Iyo yepasi rese gadziriro yekugadzirwa kweBariamuCarbonate ndeye 900000 matani, neyekubuda kweanenge 700000 matani, nepo negore regore rekugadzira ndege dzinenge mazana manomwe ematani, neyekuburitsa kwegore rechishanuBariamucarbonate yekugadzira kugona uye kubuda. ChinaBariamuzvigadzirwa zvecaronate zvakaendeswa kuhuwandu hwakawanda kwenguva yakareba, uye China yave iri huru yepasi rose yeBariamucarbonate.

Matambudziko akatarisana nekuvandudzwa kweBariamuIndasitiri Indical MuChina

Kunyangwe China ndicho chidimbu chikuru chepasi pevhu uye kunze kwenyikaBariamucarbonate, haisiri mubhadharo wakasimba webhari yebhari. Chekutanga, kune mashoma mashoma-chiyeroBariamuCarbonate zvigadzirwa zveBonderction muChina, uye kune mabhizinesi mashoma kwazvo akawana kugadzirwa kukuru; Kechipiri, ChinaBariamuCarbonate zvigadzirwa zvine chimiro chimwe uye kushaya zvigadzirwa zve tech. Kunyangwe mamwe mafekitori ari parizvino achitsvaga nekugadzira yakanyanya-yekuchenaBariamucarbonate, kugadzikana kwayo kwakashata. Kuti uwane zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro, China zvakare chinoda kuendesa kumakambani akadai seGermany, Italy, neJapan. Uye zvakare, mumakore achangopfuura, dzimwe nyika dzave dzinotengesa kunze kwenyikaBariamucarbonate, yakadai seRussia, Brazil, South Korea, uye Mexico, inotungamira kune yakawandisa mune yenyika dzeseBariamuCarbonate musika, iyo yakave nemhedzisiro yakakura pane chinaBariamucarbonate indasitiri. Vagadziri vanoda kuderedza mitengo kuti vapone. Panguva imwecheteyo, mabhizinesi eChinese eChinese anotarisanawo anotarisana nekuferefetwa kweanotsi-kurira kubva kunze kwenyika. Nekuvandudza kuenderera mberi kwezvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa, vamweBariamuMunyu wekugadzira mabhizimusi muChina anotarisanawo nenyaya dzekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza. Kuti usimudzire kuvandudzwa kweChinaBariamuIndasitiri yeMunyu,BariamuMabhizimusi ekugadzira muChina muChina anofanirwa kutora kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengeteka senge nheyo, kuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa matekinoroji epamberi, uye gadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvenguva uye uine zvakakwirira zvehunyanzvi.

Kugadzirwa uye kutumira kunze kwedata yebhari kuChina

Sekureva kwedata kubva kuUnited States Geologicy ongororo, kugadzirwa kwebhari kuChina kwaive kunosvika mamirioni makumi matanhatu emamirioni, kubva kuna Ndira kusvika ZvitaBariamuSulfate, kuwedzera kwe1,18% kuenzaniswa nenguva imwecheteyo gore rakapera. Iyo cumulative Export kukosha yaive 65496598 US Dollars, kuwedzera kwe20.99% kuenzaniswa nenguva imwecheteyo gore rakapera. Mutengo wekutengesa wekunze waive 0.71 US madhora pane kilogiramu, kuwedzera kwe1,12 US madhora pane kilograph yakafananidzwa nenguva imwe chete gore rapfuura. Pakati pavo, muna Zvita 2014, China inotumira kunze 8768648 kilogiramu yeBariamuSulfate, kuwedzera kwe8,19% zvichienzaniswa nenguva imwe chete gore rakapera. Iyo Export huwandu hwayo

Sekureva kweChinese yeChinese Dhata, muna June 2015, China inotengesa matani 170000 eBariamuSulfate, kuderera kwe1.7% kuenzaniswa nenguva imwecheteyo gore rakapera; Muhafu yekutanga yegore, iyo cumulative vhoriyamu vhoriyamu yaive mazana matatu emamiriyoni ematani, kuderera kwe6,8% kuenzaniswa nenguva imwe chete gore rapfuura; Iyo imwe chete yekutengesa mari yakadzikira ne5,4% uye 9% zvichiremekedza zvichienzaniswa nenguva imwe chete gore rapfuura.

3, kugovera uye kugadzirwa kweBarium (barite) zviwanikwa

1. Kugovera kweBarium zviwanikwa

ZvirimoBariamuMune crust ndeye 0.05%, chinzvimbo 14th. Iyo mikuru midiki mune zvakasikwa ibharati (BariamuSulfate Baso4) uye Wima (Bariamucarbonate baco3). Pakati pavo, barite ndiyo inganonyanya kuminhiya yeBarium, iyo inoumbwaBariamuSulfate uye ikaitika mune yakaderera-tembiricha hydrothermal mutsva, yakadai sekota barite mutsva, fluorite barite misins, etc.Chin kuzvishongedza ndeimwe huruBariamuine mineral mune zvakasikwa, kuwedzera kune barite, uye chikuru chikamu chiriBariamucarbonate.

Sekureva kwedata kubva kuUnited States Geologicy ongororo muna 2015, Barisi repasi rose rasvina ndewe matani maviri emabhiriyoni, idzo mazana manomwe emamiriyoni emamiriyoni emamiriyoni. Resimba repasi rose rakabhadharwa rine mamirioni mazana matatu nemakumi matatu ematani. China ndiyo nyika ine iyo yakawanda kwazvo mari yerefu. Dzimwe nyika dzine pfuma dzepfuma zviwanikwa zvinosanganisira Kazakhstan, Türkiye, India, Thailand, United States neMexico. Surches dzakakurumbira dzeBarite Munyika dzinosanganisira Westman Land muUK, Felsbonne muGermany, Sifenggou muGansu, Lifenggou muGansu, Luilin muGurungu

Sekureva kwedata kubva kuUnited States Geological Survey muna 2015, Global Girita Mamirioni muna 2013 uye kugadzirwa kwemamiriyoni emamirioni. India, Morocco, uye United States Rank yechipiri, yechitatu, uye yechina zvakateerana, nekugadzirwa kwemamiriyoni emamiriyoni 1,6, mamirioni emamirioni, uye makumi manomwe neshanu matani.

2. Kugovera kweBariamuZviwanikwa muChina

China yakapfuma mukatiBariamuore zviwanikwa, neyekufungidzirwa yakazara yekuchengetedza kweanopfuura mabhiriyoni matatu emabhiriyoni. Uyezve, giredhi reBarium Ore rakakwirira kwazvo, uye reservess uye kugadzirwa kwakatangira pasi pari zvino. ZvakajairikaBariamuine mineral mune zvakasikwa ndeye barite. Iyo Global Reserve yeBarite ndeye mamirioni mazana matatu nemakumi matatu

Sekureva kweiyo data mu "kuongorora kweiyo huru mineral emagetsi enzvimbo uye zviwanikwa zvechikepe cheChina, Kune nzvimbo dzine 195 dzekuchengetera nzvimbo dzakaratidzwa muChina, neyakaenzana yakasimbiswa sosi inochengetedza mamirioni mazana matatu emamiriyoni emamirioni e ore. Kubva pane zvematunhu (wedunhu) kugovera barite, Guizhou mudunhu rakanyanya barite, accounting ye 34% yemari yakazara yenyika. Hunan, Guangxi, Gansu, Shaanxi uye mamwe matunhu (matunhu) anotora nzvimbo yechipiri. Iyo mishanu yemaprovince account ye80% yeiyo nyika reservation. Iyo inodhinda mhando inonyanya kuve sendimentary, accounting ye60% yeiyo yakazara matura. Uye zvakare, pane zvakare denderedzwa rinotongwa (endogenetic), vocicanic sedimentary, hydrothermal, uye akasara (akasara akasara) mhando. Nguva yemaminerarization yakanga iri kunyanya muPaleozoic era, uye barite deposits yakaumbwa panguva yeSinali uye mesozoic cenozoic nguva.

Hunhu hwekukara kwemaminerari zviwanikwa muChina

Kubva pane quantitative maonero, barite zvicherwa muChina inonyanya kugoverwa mudunhu repakati; Panyaya yegiredhi, dzinenge zvese zvakapfuma zvicherwa zvinonyanya kuiswa muGuizhou neGuangxi; Kubva pamaonero eOore devosit Scosed, china barite deposits inonyanya kukura uye yepakati-yakaenzana. Ingori nzvimbo mbiri dzekunyepedzera dzeGuizhu die dahe Bian uye Hunan Xinhuang Gongxi account kweanopfuura hafu yezvigaro munzvimbo idzi. Kazhinji, imwe chete yebharari mhando ndiyo inonyanya kurongeka mhando, uye nemaminerari emichero uye makemikari kuumbwa chiyero chakareruka uye chakachena, senge hunan xinhuang gongxi barite mine. Uye zvakare, kune zvakare nzvimbo huru dzeCO uye dzakabatana zvicherwa dzinogona kusanzwisisana.

4, maitiro ekugadzira eBarium

1. Kugadzirira kweBariamu

Kugadzirwa kwesimbi muindasitiri kunosanganisira matanho maviri: Kugadzirwa kweBarium Oxide uye kugadzirwa kweSimbi Bariamu kuburikidza nesimbi yekudzora (Aluminofinoderedzwa kuderedzwa).

(1) Kugadzirira kweBariamuoxide

Bhurawuti yemhando yepamusoro Ore yekutanga inoda kuti manejeti yekusarudza uye kuronga, inoteverwa nesimbi uye silicon kubviswa kwekutora nzvimbo inopfuura 96%BariamuSulfate. Sanganisa mineral poda neyakaenzana neyakaenzana nemakumi maviri mesh uye marasha kana peturu coke powder mune uremu chiyero che4: 1, uye calcine pa 1100】 mune 1100 ℃ mune ye1,1 mune reverberitive cheni.BariamuSulfate inoderedzwa kuenda kuBarium Sulfide (inowanzozivikanwa se "dema ash"), iyo inoshandurwa nemvura inopisa kuti uwane mhinduro yeBarium Sulfide. Kuti ushandure Barium Sulfide muBarium Carbonate Palcipitation, inodikanwa kuti uwedzere sodium carbonate kana kuunza carbon dioxide mune iyo atium sulfide mhinduro yemvura mhinduro. Sanganisa Barium Carbonate neCarbon Poda neCalcine pane anopfuura 800 ℃ kuti uwane bar bar q Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti quarium oxideod oxidals kuti aumbe barum peroxide pana 500-700 ℃, uye Barium Peroxide inogona kuora kuumbaBariamuoxides on 700-800 ℃. Naizvozvo, kuti urege kuburitsa Barium Peroxide, zvigadzirwa zvakadzikama zvinoda kutonhorera kana kudzimwa pasi peineres

(2) kugadzirwa kweBarium MetalneAluminothermiction kuderedza nzira

Pane maviri maitiro eAluminium kuderedza kweBariamuoxidey nekuda kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana:

6Bao + 2al → 3bao • Al2o3 + 3BA ↑

Kana: 4Bao + 2al → Bao • Al2o3 + 3Ba ↑

Pakupisa kubva pa1000 kusvika 1200】, izvi zviviri maitiro zvinoburitsa zvishomaBariamu, saka zvakafanira kushandisa pombi yevacuum kuti uenderere mberi kuendesaBariamuVapori kubva kune reaction zone kune iyo condension zone kuitira kuti maitiro arambe achienderera mberi kurudyi. Iyo yakasara mushure mekuita kwayo ine chepfu uye inogona kungobviswa mushure mekurapwa.

2. Kugadzirira kweCommunium Compounds

(1) nzira yekugadzirira yeBariamucarbonate

① Nzira yeCalbonization

Nzira yeCarbonization inonyanya kusanganisira kusanganisa barite uye marasha mune imwe chikamu, nekuvapwanya mune choto chando, uye kuibaya uye kuidzikisa uye kuderedza na 1100-1200 ℃ kuti vawane Barium Sulfide yakanyungudika. Carbon dioxide inounzwa muBariamuSulfide Solution yeCarbonization, uye inowanikwaBariamuCarbonate slurry inoiswa pasi pekushambadzira yekugezesa uye yekufembera filtration. Zvadaro, yakaomeswa uye yakapwanywa pa300】 kuti uwane iyo yakapera Barum Carbonate chigadzirwa. Iyi nzira inotorwa nevazhinji vagadziri nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakareruka uye mutengo wakaderera.

② Yakaomarara Decomposition Nzira

Chigadzirwa chekupedzisira cheBariamuCarbonate inogona kuwanikwa neiyo mbiri yekushora maitiro pakati peBarium Sulfide neAmmonium carbonate, kana nekuita pakati peBarium chloride uye potassium carbonate. Chigadzirwa chinokonzerwa chinobva chakashambwa, chakatemwa, chakaomeswa, nezvimwe.

③ Zvepoly rinorema petrochemical mutemo

Iyo ine chepfu inorema ore poda yakaitwa neAmmonium Munyu kuti ubudise shomaBariamumunyu, uye maAmonium carbonate inogadziriswazve kuti ishandiswe. ZvinyoroBariamuMunyu unowedzerwa kuAmmonium carbonate kuti isarudze yakanatswa carbonate, iyo yakasviba uye yakaomeswa kuti igadzire chigadzirwa chakapera. Uye zvakare, iyo yaamai yaamai doro inogona kugadziriswazve uye kushandiswazve.

(2) nzira yekugadzirira yeBariamutitanate

① Nzira yakasimba-chikamu

Bariamutitanate inogona kugadzirira ne calciningBariamucarbonate uye titanium dioxide, iyo inogona kubikwa nezvimwe zvinhu.

② COPROKALLITATE Nzira

NyungudikaBariamuchloride uye titanium tetrachloride mumusanganiswa wezvinhu zvakaenzana, kupisa kusvika pamakumi manomwe ° C, wobva wadonhedza oxic acid kuti uwane precirate yehydrateBariamutitanate [tiio (c2o4) 2-4H2O]. Geza, waoma, uye wozooma kuti uwane titanium yegumi.

(3) nzira yekugadzirira yeBariamuchloride

Maitiro ekugadziraBariamuchloride inonyanya kusanganisira hydrochloric acid nzira,BariamuCarbonate nzira, calcium chloride nzira, uye magnesium chloride nzira zvinoenderana nenzira dzakasiyana nzira kana zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa.

① hydrochloric acid nzira.

②BariamuCarbonate nzira. Yakagadzirwa kubva padombo rakasvava (barum kabhoni) seyakaisa zvinhu.

③ Calcium chloride nzira. Kuderedza musanganiswa webhari uye calcium chloride ne kabhoni.

Mukuwedzera, kune iyo magnesium chloride nzira. Yakagadzirirwa nekubataBariamuSulfide neMagnesium chloride.