Parizvino, kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwemananomaterials kwakwezva kutarisa kubva kunyika dzakasiyana siyana. China nanotechnology inoramba ichifambira mberi, uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kana kugadzirwa kwekuyedza kwakabudirira kuitwa mu nanoscale SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, ZnO2, Fe2O3 uye zvimwe zvinhu zvehupfu. Nekudaro, iyo yazvino maitiro ekugadzira uye yakakwirira mitengo yekugadzira ndiko kushaya simba kwayo kunouraya, izvo zvinozokanganisa kushandiswa kwakapararira kwemananomaterials. Nokudaro, kuvandudza kunopfuurira kunodiwa.
Nekuda kweiyo yakakosha yemagetsi chimiro uye yakakura atomiki radius yezvinhu zvisingawanzo pasi, makemikari zvimiro zvakasiyana kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu. Naizvozvo, nzira yekugadzirira uye mushure mekurapa tekinoroji yeasingawanzo pasi nano oxides zvakare akasiyana nezvimwe zvinhu. Nzira huru dzekutsvagisa dzinosanganisira:
1. Precipitation method: kusanganisira oxalic acid precipitation, carbonate precipitation, hydroxide precipitation, homogeneous precipitation, complexation precipitation, etc. Chinhu chikuru cheiyi nzira ndechokuti mhinduro inogadzirisa nucleates nokukurumidza, iri nyore kudzora, midziyo iri nyore, uye inogona kubudisa. zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro. Asi zvakaoma kusefa uye nyore kuunganidza.
2. Hydrothermal nzira: Kurumidza uye simbisa iyo hydrolysis reaction yeion pasi pekushisa kwepamusoro uye mamiriro ekumanikidza, uye gadzira yakapararira nanocrystalline nuclei. Iyi nzira inogona kuwana nanometer poda ine yunifomu yekuparadzira uye yakamanikana particle size kugovera, asi inoda yakanyanya tembiricha uye yakanyanya kudzvanywa michina, inodhura uye isina kuchengetedzeka kushanda.
3. gel nzira: Iyo yakakosha nzira yekugadzirira inorganic zvinhu, uye inoita basa rakakosha mune inorganic synthesis. Pakupisa kwakadzika, organometallic komisheni kana organic complexes inogona kuumba sol kuburikidza nepolymerization kana hydrolysis, uye kugadzira gel mune mamwe mamiriro. Kuwedzera kupisa kurapwa kunogona kugadzira ultrafine Rice noodles ine yakakura chaiyo nzvimbo uye kupararira kuri nani. Iyi nzira inogona kuitwa pasi pemamiriro akapfava, zvichiita kuti pave nehupfu ine nzvimbo yakakura yepamusoro uye nani dispersibility. Nekudaro, iyo nguva yekuita yakareba uye inotora mazuva akati wandei kuti ipedze, zvichiita kuti zviome kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zveindasitiri.
4. Solid chikamu nzira: yakakwirira-tembiricha kuora kunoitwa kuburikidza neakasimba makomisheni kana yepakati yakasimba chikamu chekuita. Semuenzaniso, isingawanzo pasi nitrate uye oxalic acid inosanganiswa neyakaomeswa bhora kugaya kuti iite yepakati yeisingawanzo pasi oxalate, iyo inozoora pakupisa kwepamusoro kuti iwane ultrafine poda. Iyi nzira ine hunyanzvi hwekuita, midziyo iri nyore, uye kushanda kuri nyore, asi hupfu hunobuda hune morphology isina kurongeka uye kusafanana kwakashata.
Idzi nzira hadzisi dzakasiyana uye dzinogona kusashanda zvizere kumaindasitiri. Kune zvakare nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzirira, dzakadai seye organic microemulsion nzira, alcoholysis, nezvimwe.
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Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-06-2023