Nguva yemberi yasvika, uye vanhu zvishoma nezvishoma vasvika kune yakasvibira uye yakaderera-kabhoni nzanga.Rare pasizvinhu zvinoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwesimba remhepo, mota nyowani dzesimba, marobhoti akangwara, kushandiswa kwehydrogen, mwenje unochengetedza simba, uye kuchenesa kwemhepo.
Rare pasiishoko remubatanidzwa resimbi gumi nenomwe, kusanganisirayttrium, scandium, uye 15 lanthanide elements. Iyo mota yekutyaira ndiyo yakakosha chikamu chemarobhoti akangwara, uye basa rayo rekubatana rinonyanya kuwanikwa nedhiraivha mota. Permanent magineti synchronous servo motors ndiwo akanyanya, anoda simba rakawanda kune kuwanda chiyero uye torque inertia ratio, yakakwira yekutanga torque, yakaderera inertia, uye yakafara uye yakatsetseka kumhanya renji. High performance neodymium iron boron inogara magineti inogona kuita kuti robhoti kufamba kuve nyore, nekukurumidza, uye kusimba zvakanyanya.
Kune zvakare akawanda epasi-kabhoni maapplication erare earthsmundima yechinyakare yemotokari, senge girazi rekutonhodza, kucheneswa kwemhepo, uye magineti echigarire. Kwenguva refu,cerium(Ce) yakashandiswa sechinhu chinowedzera mugirazi remotokari, iyo isingangodziviriri ultraviolet rays asiwo inoderedza tembiricha mukati memotokari, nekudaro ichichengetedza magetsi ekugadzirisa mhepo. Zvechokwadi, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekupedza gasi kuchenesa. Parizvino, nhamba huru yeceriumzvisingawanzo pasi exhaust gasi ekuchenesa maajenti ari kudzivirira zvinobudirira huwandu hukuru hwemotokari yekuburitsa gasi kubva pakuburitswa mumhepo. Kune akawanda mashandisirwo epasi isingawanzo mu low-carbon green tekinoroji.
Rare earthsanoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuti ane yakanakisa thermoelectric, magineti, uye optical properties. Iyo yakakosha yemagetsi chimiro inopa zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi zvine hupfumi uye zvine mavara zvivakwa, kunyanya kubvirarare pasizvinhu zvine 4f electron sublayer, dzimwe nguva inozivikanwawo se "energy level". Iyo 4f electron sublayer haina chete inoshamisa 7 mazinga esimba, asiwo ine maviri "energy level" mavhavha ekudzivirira e5d uye 6s padivi. Aya 7 simba mazinga akafanana nedhaimondi gour zvidhori, zvakasiyana uye zvinonakidza. Maerekitironi asina kupetwa ari pamatanho manomwe esimba haangozvitenderedza chete, asiwo anotenderera pamwoyo, achigadzira nguva dzemagineti dzakasiyana uye achigadzira magineti ane matemo akasiyana. Aya ma micromagnetic fields anotsigirwa nezvikamu zviviri zvezvivharo zvekudzivirira, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanyanya magnetic. Magineti anoshandisa magineti emasimbi epasi asingawanzo kugadzira magineti epamusoro-soro, akapfupikiswa se "magineti asingawanzo pasi pasi". Zvinhu zvisinganzwisisike zverare earthszvichiri kunyatsoongororwa uye kuwanikwa nemasayendisiti kusvika nhasi.
Adhesive neodymium magineti ane mashandiro ari nyore, mutengo wakaderera, saizi diki, kunyatsoita, uye yakagadzikana magineti. Iwo anonyanya kushandiswa muminda senge ruzivo tekinoroji, hofisi otomatiki, uye zvemagetsi zvevatengi. Anopisa akadzvanywa neodymium magineti ane zvakanakira kusimba kwepamusoro, kutaridzika kwepamusoro, kunaka kwekusagadzikana kwecorrosion, uye kumanikidza kwakanyanya.
Mune ramangwana, nyika isingawanzoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa kwekuvaka hungwaru hwekabhoni hwakaderera kune vanhu.
Kunobva: Science Popularization China
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-24-2023