Parizvino,rare pasizvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo mbiri huru: yechinyakare uye yepamusoro-tech. Mumashandisirwo echinyakare, nekuda kwekuita kwakakwira kwesimbi isingawanzo pasi, inogona kuchenesa mamwe simbi uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yesimbi. Kuwedzera maokisi epasi asingawanzo kunyungudutswa simbi kunogona kubvisa tsvina yakaita se arsenic, antimony, bismuth, etc. Simbi ine simba shoma inogadzirwa kubva muokisidhi isingawanzo shandiswa kugadzira mota, uye inogona kudzvanywa mumarata esimbi nemapombi esimbi, anoshandiswa. yekugadzira mapaipi emafuta uye gasi.
Zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi zvine hunyanzvi hwekuita uye zvinoshandiswa secatalytic cracking agents pakupwanya kwepetroleum muindasitiri yepetroleum kuvandudza goho remafuta akareruka. Mapasi asingawanzo anoshandiswawo seanonatsiridza epositi yemotokari, pendi yekuomesa, epurasitiki kupisa inodzikamisa, uye mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari senge synthetic rabha, shinda yekugadzira, uye naironi. Ichishandisa kemikari chiitiko uye ionic coloring basa rezvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi, anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri egirazi uye ceramic kujekesa girazi, kupukuta, kudhaya, decolorization, uye ceramic pigments. Kekutanga muChina, ivhu risingawanzo kushandiswa mukurima sezvinhu zvekuteedza mumafetiraiza akawanda, zvichisimudzira kurima. Mumashandisirwo echinyakare, boka recerium risingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi rinonyanya kushandiswa, richiverengera 90% yehuwandu hwekudyiwa kwezvinhu zvisingawanzo pasi.
Mune yepamusoro-tech zvikumbiro, nekuda kweiyo yakakosha yemagetsi chimiro cherare earths,maitiro avo akasiyana-siyana emagetsi emagetsi anobudisa chimiro chakakosha. The oxides yeyttrium, terbium, uye europiumanoshandiswa zvakanyanya senge tsvuku phosphors muruvara terevhizheni, akasiyana masisitimu ekuratidzira, uye mukugadzira matatu ekutanga mavara efluorescent mwenje poda. Kushandiswa kwepasi isingawanzo hunyanzvi hwemagineti kugadzira akasiyana magineti asingaperi, akadai samarium cobalt anogara magineti uye neodymium iron boron anogara magineti, ane tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzepamusoro-soro senge mota dzemagetsi, nyukireya magineti resonance imaging zvishandiso, maglev. zvitima, uye mamwe optoelectronics. Lanthanum girazi rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya sechinhu kune akasiyana lenzi, lenzi, uye optical fibers. Cerium girazi rinoshandiswa sechinhu chinodzivirira mwaranzi. Neodymium girazi uye yttrium aruminiyamu garnet isingawanzo pasi pevhu makristasi zvakakosha auroral zvinhu.
Muindasitiri yemagetsi, dzakasiyana siyana ceramics pamwe nekuwedzera kweneodymium oxide, lanthanum oxide, uye yttrium oxide anoshandiswa seakasiyana capacitor zvinhu. Masimbi epasi asingawanzo anoshandiswa kugadzira nickel hydrogen rechargeable mabhatiri. Muindasitiri yesimba reatomu, yttrium oxide inoshandiswa kugadzira tsvimbo dzekudzora mareactor enyukireya. The lightweight heat-resistant alloy yakagadzirwa necerium group rare earth elements, aluminium nemagnesium inoshandiswa muindasitiri yemuchadenga kugadzira zvikamu zvendege, spacecraft, missile, maroketi, etc. Rare earths inoshandiswawo mu superconducting uye magnetostrictive materials, asi izvi chikamu chichiri mudanho rekutsvagisa nekusimudzira.
Izvo zviyero zvemhando yerare earth metalzviwanikwa zvinosanganisira zvinhu zviviri: izvo zvinodikanwa zveindasitiri zvezvisingawanzo dhipoziti yepasi uye zviyero zvemhando isingawanzo kutarisisa pasi. Zvinyorwa zveF, CaO, TiO2, uye TFe mu fluorocarbon cerium ore concentrate ichaongororwa nemupi, asi haifaniri kushandiswa sechikonzero chekuongorora; Iyo yemhando chiyero cheiyo yakasanganiswa concentrate ye bastnaesite uye monazite inoshanda kune iyo concentrate inowanikwa mushure mekubatsirwa. Izvo zvisina kuchena P uye CaO yezvinyorwa zvegiredhi rekutanga zvinongopa data uye hazvishandiswe sehwaro hwekuongorora; Monazite concentrate inoreva kunyura kwejecha ore mushure mekubatsirwa; Phosphorus yttrium ore concentrate inorevawo kudzika kunowanikwa kubva kujecha ore beneficiation.
Iko kuvandudza uye kuchengetedzwa kweasingawanzo pasi pekutanga ores kunosanganisira kudzoreredza tekinoroji ye ores. Flotation, kupatsanurwa kwesimba rinokwevera pasi, kupatsanurwa kwemagineti, uye kusanganisa nzira yekubatsira zvese zvakashandiswa kusimudzira zvicherwa zvepasi. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kudzokorodza zvinosanganisira mhando uye zviitiko zvezvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi, chimiro, chimiro, uye kugovera maitiro easingawanzo epasi zvicherwa, uye mhando uye hunhu hwe gangue minerals. Nzira dzakasiyana dzekubatsira dzinoda kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Kubatsirwa kwepasi rekutanga ore kazhinji kunotora nzira yekuyangarara, kazhinji inowedzerwa negiravhiti uye kupatsanurwa kwemagineti, ichigadzira musanganiswa weiyo flotation giravhiti, flotation magineti kupatsanura giravhiti maitiro. Rare Earth placers anonyanya kutariswa negiravhiti, inowedzerwa nekuparadzaniswa kwemagineti, kuyerera, uye kupatsanurwa kwemagetsi. Iyo Baiyunebo isingawanzo pasi iron ore deposit muInner Mongolia inonyanya kuve nemonazite uye fluorocarbon cerium ore. Iyo isingawanzo yepasi concentrate ine 60% REO inogona kuwanikwa nekushandisa yakasanganiswa nzira yekuvhengana flotation washing gravity separation flotation. Iyo Yaniuping isingawanzo dhipoziti yepasi muMianning, Sichuan inonyanya kuburitsa fluorocarbon cerium ore, uye isingawanzo pasi concentrate ine 60% REO inowanikwawo uchishandisa giravhiti yekuparadzanisa flotation process. Kusarudzwa kwevamiririri veflotation ndiyo kiyi yekubudirira kweiyo flotation nzira yekugadzira mineral. Izvo zvisingawanzo zvicherwa zvepasi zvinogadzirwa nemugodhi weNanshan Haibin placer muGuangdong zvakanyanya monazite uye yttrium phosphate. Iyo slurry inowanikwa kubva pakushambidzwa kwemvura yakazaruka inokonzerwa ne spiral beneficiation, inoteverwa nekuparadzaniswa kwegiravhiti, inowedzerwa nekuparadzaniswa kwemagineti uye flotation, kuwana monazite concentrate ine 60.62% REO uye phosphorite concentrate ine Y2O5 25.35%.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-28-2023