Munyika yemashiripiti yeChemistry,Bariamuyagara ichikwezva kutarisisa kwemasayendisiti ane chirahwe chayo chakasiyana uye anoshanda. Kunyangwe iyi silvery-chena yesimbi chinhu chisingaonekwe segoridhe kana sirivheri, inotora basa rakakosha muminda yakawanda. Kubva pazviridzwa zvakanyatsoongorora musainzi tabaroratories kuKonyorera kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa mukugadzira maindasitiri kuChijimi
Pakutanga kwa 1602, Cassio Lauro, shoemaker muguta reItaly rePorta, rakabikwa barisi rine chinhu chinopisa nechinhu chinopisa muyedzo uye ndakashamisika kuona kuti inogona kupenya murima. Kuwanikwa uku kwakamutsa kufarira kukuru pakati pevadzidzi panguva iyoyo, uye ibwe rakanzi rakanzi porora dombo uye rakazova rondedzero yekutsvaga neveEuropean veEuropean.
Nekudaro, yaive iyo Sweden Chemist ScheEele uyo akasimbisa chaizvo kuti Barium yaive chinhu chitsva. Akawana chiBaramu oxide muna 1774 ndokuidaidza kuti "baryta" (inorema pasi). Akadzidza zvinhu izvi zvakadzama uye akatenda kuti yakaumbwa nenyika itsva (oxide) yakasanganiswa nesarufa acid. Makore maviri gare gare, akabudirira kutevedzera iyo ivhu iri nyowani uye akawana oxide.
Nekudaro, kunyangwe schenele akawana nzombe yaBarium, yaisapo kusvikira 1808 iyo yeBritish Chemist inobudirira yakagadzirwa neyemagetsi emagetsi akagadzirwa kubva mubhariro. Kuwanikwa uku kwakaratidza kusimbiswa kwepamutemo kweBarium sechinhu cheSimbi, uye zvakare chakavhura rwendo rwekushandisa kweBarium muminda dzakasiyana siyana.
Kubva ipapo, vanhu vakaramba vachiwedzera kunzwisisa kwavo kweBariamu. Masayendisiti akaongorora zvakavanzika zvezvisikwa uye akasimudzira kufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji nekufunda zvivakwa uye maitiro aBarium. Kushandiswa kweBarium musainzi, indasitiri, uye minda yezvekurapa yave kuwedzera kuwanda, ichiita kuti ive nyore uye inyaradzo kuhupenyu hainganyepedzera chete, asiwo chakavanzika chesainzi kumashure icho. Masayendisiti akaramba achiongorora zvakavanzika zvezvisikwa uye akasimudzira kufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji nekudzidza zvivakwa uye maitiro aBarium. Panguva imwecheteyo, Bari mune zvakare chinyararire ichiridza chikamu muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, achiunza nyore uye nyaradzo kuhupenyu hwedu.
Ngatiregei tanga rwendo rwemhando iyi yekuongorora Barium, vhura chifukidziro chisinganzwisisike, uye kukoshesa runako rwakasiyana-siyana. Munyaya inotevera, isu tichazoteerera zvivakwa uye zvinoshandiswa zveBarium, pamwe nebasa rayo rakakosha mukutsvagurudza kwesainzi, indasitiri, uye mushonga. Ndinotenda kuti kuburikidza nekuverenga chinyorwa ichi, iwe uchave nekunzwisisa kwakadzama uye ruzivo rwebharium.
1. Masisitiri eminda yebharium
Barium chinhu chakajairika chemakemikari chinhu. Iyo isimbi-chena simbi iyo iripo muchimiro chemaminerari akasiyana siyana mune zvakasikwa. Izvi zvinotevera zvimwe zvezuva nezuva zvinoshandiswa naBarium
Kupisa uye Luminescence: Barium isimbi inoshanda kwazvo iyo inoburitsa murazvo wakajeka murazvo kana rasvika mukubatana neAmmonia kana oksijeni. Izvi zvinoita kuti Baium inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri senge fireworks kugadzira, flares, uye phosphor kugadzira.
Indasitiri yezvokurapa: Carium comaunds zvakare inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune indasitiri yekurapa. Kudya kweBarium (senge mahwendefa ebhaini) anoshandiswa mune gastrointestinal X-ray bvunzo kubatsira vanachiremba kucherechedza kushanda kweiyo yekugaya system. Mariium comalound inoshandiswawo mune mamwe maronda ekurapa, senge radioactive iodine yekurapwa kwechirwere cheshoko.
Girazi uye Ceramics: Barium Comaund inowanzoshandiswa mugirazi uye ceramic kugadzira nekuda kwekunyungudika kwavo kwekunyungudika uye kupokana. Mariium comalogs inogona kuwedzera kuomesesa uye simba reCeramics uye rinogona kupa zvimwe zvakakosha zvevaCeramics, sekusimbisa kwemagetsi uye index yakakwira.
Metal Alloys: Barium inogona kuumba maAlloys nedzimwe zvinhu zvesimbi, uye aya mahedheni ane zvimwe zvakasarudzika zvivakwa. Semuenzaniso, ALOUum ALOLY inogona kuwedzera iyo yekunyungudika yeAluminium uye magnesium Alloys, achivaita kuti zvive nyore kuita uye kukanda. Mukuwedzera, iyo Barium Alloys ine zvivakwa zvemagineti inoshandiswawo kugadzira mabhatiri ebetters uye magineti zvinhu.
Barium ndeyemakemikari Chiratidzo cheChemical Symbol Ba uye Atomic nhamba 56
2. Zvivakwa zvemuviri zveBarium
Bariamu (ba)is a alkaline yepasi yesimbi element. 1. Chitarisiko: Barium yakasviba, Silvery-White Simbi ine yakasarudzika simbi yakasarudzika kana yakatemwa.
2. Density: Barium ine yakakura density yeanenge 3.5 g / cm³. Ndiyo imwe yesimbi yesimbi yepasi pano.
3. Kunyunguduka uye nekubikisa mapoinzi: Iyo yekunyungudika nzvimbo yeBarium ndeye 727 ° C uye point poir in inenge 1897 ° C.
4. Kuomarara: Barium isimbi yakasviba ine mohs kuomarara kweanenge 1.25 pamadhora makumi maviri celsius.
5. Kubata: Bariamu ndeyechokwadi cittor yeMagetsi ine magetsi akakwirira magetsi.
6. Ductility: Kunyangwe Barium yesimbi yakapfava, ine imwe nhanho yezviduku uye inogona kuongororwa mumashiti akaonda kana waya.
7. Chiitiko chemakemikari: Barium haaite zvakasimba pamwe nevasono akawanda uye mitezo mizhinji pamhepo tembiricha, asi inogadzira oxides pakupisa kwakanyanya uye mumhepo. Inogona kuumba makomendi ane akawanda maxmitallic zvinhu, akadai sehodhi, shulfides, nezvimwe.
8. Mafomu ekuvapo: Maminers ane Barium muPasi Pasi, akadai sebhari (etc. Barium baritwo anogona zvakare kuvapo muchimiro che hydrate, oxides, carbonates, nezvimwewo.
9. Radioactivity: Barium ine akasiyana-siyana areotoactive isotopes, pakati peiyo Barium -
10. Chikumbiro: Carium Compounds inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri, segirazi, rabha, etcc.
3. Makemikari zvivakwa zveBarium
Metallic Properties: Barium isimbi simbi yakasimba neisina-chena kutaridzika uye kwakanaka kwemagetsi maitiro.
Density uye inonyungudika poindi: Barium izita rakakomberedzwa nehurongwa hwe3,51 g / cm3. Barium ane nzvimbo yakaderera yekunyungudika yeanenge 727 degrees celsius (1341 degrees Fahrenheit).
Kuita Semuenzaniso, Barium inobata ne chlorine kuburitsa Barium chloride.
Oxdizability: Barium inogona kuve ye oxidized kuti iite fomu yebharium. Barium oxide inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akadai sesimbi inonhuhwirira uye girazi. Chiitiko Chikuru: Barium ane yakakwira makemikari chiitiko uye nyore nyore kuita nemvura kusunungura hydrogen uye gadzira iyo leamu hydroxide.
4. Biological Properties yeBarium
Iyo basa uye biological zvivakwa zveBariamuMuzvisikwa hazvina kunyatsonzwisiswa, asi zvinozivikanwa kuti Bartium ane chokwadi chine zvikanganiso.
Nzira yekunzwa: Vanhu vanonyanya kupinda mukati mechikafu kuburikidza nekudya uye kumwa mvura. Zvimwe zvekudya zvinogona kunge zvine trace huwandu hweBarium, senge zviyo, nyama, uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka. Mukuwedzera, nzvimbo yemvura dzimwe nguva ine yakakwirira ongororo yeBariamu.
Biological Kunyora uye metabolism: Barium inogona kubatikana nezvisikwa uye zvakaparadzirwa mumuviri kuburikidza nekutenderera kweropa. Barium anonyanya kuunganidza muitsvo nemapfupa, kunyanya mune zvakakwirira pamapfupa.
Biological Basa: Bariamu haisati yave kuwanikwa kuve nehurombo hwakakosha hwemuviri mune zvisikwa. Naizvozvo, basa rekubereka reBarium rinoramba riripo nharo.
5. Biological Properties yeBarium
Utongedzeka: Kukwirisa kwakanyanya kwearium ion kana atium comalound ine chepfu kune muviri wemunhu. Kunyanya kudya Kaarium kunokanganisa zviratidzo zvine chepfu, kusanganisira kurutsa, manyoka, kushaya simba, etcythmia, etc.
Kuunganidzwa kwepafupa: Bariamu inogona kuunganidza mapfupa mumuviri wemunhu, kunyanya muvakuru. Kufumurwa kwenguva refu kune yakanyanya kutarisisa yeBarium inogona kukonzeresa chirwere chepfupa chakadai seSosteoporosis.
Cardiovascular Mhedzisiro: SODIUM, inogona kukanganisa iion chiyero uye chiitiko chemagetsi, kubata basa remwoyo. Kunyanya kudya kwaBartium kunogona kukonzera moyo unoshamisa rirwiyo uye kuwedzera njodzi yekurwiswa kwemoyo.
Carcinogenicity: Kunyangwe ichine kukakavara pamusoro peCarcinogenicity yeBariamu, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kuKoumments yeBaramu Nekuda kwekutuka uye njodzi ingangoita yeBarium, vanhu vanofanirwa kungwarira kuti vadzivise kunyanyisa kutapira kana kwenguva refu kusvika pakukwirira kwakanyanya kwaBaramu. Kukwirira kwearium mukumwa kwemvura uye chikafu chinofanira kutariswa uye kudzorwa kuti vadzivirire hutano hwevanhu. Kana iwe ukafungidzira muchetura kana uine zviratidzo zvine hukama, ndapota tsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza.
6. Barium mune zvakasikwa
Barium Zvicherwa: Bariamu inogona kuvapo mukuputika kwepasi muchimiro chemaminerari. Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika zvizvarwa zvearium zvinosanganisira barite uye wanoma. Aya maOres anowanzoitika nezvimwe zvicherwa, sekutungamira, zinc, uye sirivheri.
Yakanyungudika mumvura yepasi uye matombo: Barium inogona kuvapo mumvura yepasi uye matombo mumatombo ari mumvura isina kunyorwa. Mawadhi emvura ane trace huwandu hwekunyungudika, uye kugadzikana kwayo kunoenderana nemamiriro ega ega nemakemikari emuviri wemvura. Barium Salts: Barium inogona kuumba akasiyana emunyu, akadai saBarium chloride, Barium Nitrate uye Barium Carbonate. Aya makomputa anogona kuvapo mune zvakasikwa sezvazviri zvenguva pfupi.
Zvemukati muvhu:Bariamuinogona kuvapo muvhu mumhando dzakasiyana, mamwe idzo dzinobva mukunyungudika kwemanyoro emaminerari emaminerari kana matombo. Zviri mukati meBarium mune ivhu kazhinji inoderera, asi panogona kunge paine kutarisisa kwakanyanya kweBarium mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakananga.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti fomu uye zvemukati zvaBartium zvinogona kusiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzenyika nematunhu, saka mamiriro egwara anofanirwa kutariswa kana achikurukura neBaramu.
7. Mugodhi wemugodhi uye kugadzirwa
Maitiro ekugadzirira uye gadziriro yebharium anowanzo kusanganisira matanho anotevera:
1. Mining of Barium Oore: Iyo huru ingara yeBarium ore bariti, inozivikanwawo seBarium Sulfate. Zvinowanzowanikwa mukuputika kwepasi uye kunoparadzirwa zvakanyanya mumatombo uye mineral deposits pasi. Mining anowanzobatanidza maitiro akadai sekuputika, kumigoka, kupwanya uye kurira kwe ore kuti uwane maOres ane gaum sulfate.
2. Fungisisa kugadzirira kazhinji kunosanganisira kusarudzwa kweruoko uye nhanho dzekurima kubvisa tsvina uye kuwana ore ine anopfuura anopfuura 96% Barium Sulfate.
3. Kugadzirira kweBarium Sulfate: Iyo yekuisa pfungwa inoiswa pasi pematanho senge simbi uye silicon kubviswa kwekupedzisira kuwana iyo Barium Sulfate (Baso4).
4 Barium Sulfate ore poda neine sizi saizi yeisingasviki makumi maviri mesh inowanzo kusanganiswa nemarasha kana petroleum coke poda mune uremu chiyero che4: 1. Musanganiswa wacho wakabikwa na 1100
5. Kunyunguduka Barium Sulfide: Iyo Barium Sulfide Solution yeBarium Sulfate inogona kuwanikwa nemvura inopisa kusimuka.
6. Kugadzirira kweBarium Oxide: Kuti ushandise Barium Sulfide muBarium Oxide, Sodium Carbonate kana Carbon Dioxide inowanzowedzerwa kune iyo Barium Sulfide solution. Mushure mekusanganisa barum kabhoni uye kabhoni poda, calcination iri pamusoro 800 ℃ inogona kuburitsa learari oxide.
7. Kutonhora uye kugadziriswa: Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti qualium oxide is oxidized kuti aumbe bariyk peroxide pana 500-700 Kuti udzivise kugadzirwa kweBarium Peroxide, chigadzirwa chakasvibirira chinoda kutonhorera kana kudzimwa pasi pekudzivirira kweiyo inerer gasi.
Iyo iri pamusoro ndiyo general mugodhi uye kugadzirira maitiro eiyo bharium element. Maitiro aya anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemaindasitiri maitiro nemidziyo, asi nheyo dzakazara dzinoramba dzakafanana. Barium isimbi inokosha maindasitiri inoshandiswa mune dzakasiyana-siyana maapplication, kusanganisira indasitiri yemakemikari, mushonga, magetsi uye mamwe minda.
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Bariamuchinhu chakajairika chinowanzoshandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana maindasitiri uye dzesainzi application. Mukuongorora kwemakemikari, nzira dzekuona iyo Barium inowanzo kusanganisira ongororo yekuongorora uye kuwanda kuongororwa. Iyi inotevera inangwa yakatsanangurwa kune iyo inowanzoshandiswa kushandiswa nzira dzekuchenesa dzeBarium Element:
1. Plame Atomic jekisimasi (Faas): Ichi chiitiko chinowanzoshandiswa kuongorora maitiro akakodzera masampuli ane mindanji akanyanya. Iyo sampula mhinduro yakabviswa mumurazvo, uye maatomu earium anobata chiedza cheiyo chaiyo wavelength. Kukura kwechiedza chakabatikana kunoyerwa uye kwakabatanidzwa pakubata kwebharium.
2.. Kuenzaniswa neFAAS, faini inowanzoshandiswa kuona kuderera kwepasi pekuvhara kweBaramu.
3. Atomic Fluorescence SpectRometry (AAS): Iyi nzira yakafanana neFAAS, asi inoshandisa fluorescence spectrometer yekuona kuvapo kweBarium. Inogona kushandiswa kuyera trace huwandu hweBarium.
4 Barium ion akapatsanurwa uye anoonekwa neIon chromatography. Inogona kushandiswa kuyera kusunganidzwa kweBarium mumasampula emvura.
5. X-Ray Fluorescence SpectRometry (XRF): Iyi inzira isiri-inoparadza yekufunga yakakodzera kuwanikwa kweBarium muSolid samples. Mushure mekunge sampuli inofara ne x-ray, maatomu emari anokoshesa chaizvo fluoterescence, uye zvirimo muzvinhu zvakatsanangurwa zvinoyera nekuyera kuwanda kwehupfumi.
6. Massent SpectRometry: Mass SpectRometry inogona kushandiswa kuti isarudze nzvimbo ye isotopic uye sarudza zvirimo muBarium. Iyi nzira inowanzoshandiswa kune yakakwirira-kunzwa kuongorora uye inogona kuona yakaderera kwazvo kutarisisa kweBarium. Pamusoro pane dzimwe nzira dzinowanzoshandiswa dzekuona Bariamu. Iyo nzira chaiyo yekusarudza zvinoenderana nemhando yemuenzaniso, huwandu hwakasungwa hwebharium, uye chinangwa chekuongorora. Kana iwe uchida rumwe ruzivo kana uine mimwe mibvunzo, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kuti ndizive. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurambidzwa uye maindasitiri ekushandisa kusvika kune zvakanyatsojeka uye nekuvimbika kuyera uye kuona kuvapo uye kusimbisa kwebharium. Iyo nzira chaiyo yekushandisa inoenderana nerudzi rwemuenzaniso unoda kuyerwa, huwandu hwezvinhu zvebhari, uye chinangwa chaicho chekuongorora.
Kutumira Nguva: Dec-09-2024