Bastnaesite
Neodymium, nhamba yeatomu 60, huremu hweatomu 144.24, ine zvinyorwa zve 0.00239% mucrust, kunyanya iripo mumonazite uye bastnaesite.Kune manomwe isotopes e neodymium mune zvakasikwa:neodymium142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, uye 150, neodymium 142 ine zvinyorwa zvepamusoro.Nekuzvarwa kwapraseodymiumchinhu,neodymiumelement yakabudawo.Kusvika kweneodymiumelement yaita activated therare pasimunda, yakaita basa rinokosha murare pasimunda, uye akadzora iyorare pasimarket.
Kuwanikwa kweNeodymium
Karl von Welsbach (1858-1929), muzivi weNeodymium
Muna 1885, nyanzvi yemakemikari yeAustria Carl Auer von Welsbach akawananeodymiummuVienna.Akaparadzananeodymiumuyepraseodymiumkubva symmetricalneodymiumzvinhu nekuparadzanisa crystalline ammonium dinitrate tetrahydrate kubva nitric acid, uye akazviparadzanisa kuburikidza nekuongorora kwekuona.Zvisinei, kwakanga kusati kuri kutozosvikira muna 1925 apo ivo vakaparadzaniswa muchimiro chakati chakachena.
Kubva kuma1950, kuchena kwepamusoro (kupfuura 99%).neodymiumyakanyanya kuwanikwa kuburikidza neion exchange process yemonazite.Iyo simbi pachayo inowanikwa ne electrolysis yayo halide munyu.Parizvino, vakawandaneodymiuminotorwa kubva kudombo reBastana (Ce, La, Nd, Pr) CO3F uye inocheneswa kuburikidza nekubvisa solvent.Kucheneswa kweIon kunochengeterwa kugadzirira kuchena kwakanyanya (kazhinji> 99.99%).Nekuda kwekuomerwa nekubvisa zvisaririra zvekupedzisira zvepraseodymiummunguva yekugadzira ichivimba nedanho-ne-nhanho crystallization tekinoroji, kutanganeodymiumgirazi rakagadzirwa kumakore ekuma1930 raive neruvara rwepepuru kana orenji kupfuura shanduro dzemazuva ano.
Neodymium simbiine simbi inopenya yesimbi inopenya, nzvimbo yakanyunguduka ye1024 ° C, uye density ye7.004g/cm ³, Iine paramagnetism.Neodymiumndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandarare earth metals, iyo inokurumidza kuita oxidize uye kusviba mumhepo, ichiita oxide layer iyo inobva yasvuura, ichiisa pachena simbi kuti iwedzere oxidation.Saka, centimita saizineodymiumsampuli yakashongedzwa oxidized mukati megore rimwe.Ita zvishoma nezvishoma mumvura inotonhora uye nokukurumidza mumvura inopisa.
Neodymiumkugadzirwa kwemagetsi
Magadzirirwo emagetsi:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f4
Iyo laser performance yeneodymiumimhaka yekuchinja kwe4f orbital maerekitironi pakati pemazinga akasiyana esimba.Iyi laser material inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukukurukurirana, kuchengetedza ruzivo, kurapwa, mechanic processing, uye mamwe minda.Pakati pavo,yttrium aluminiumgarnet Y3Al5O12: Nd (YAG: Nd) inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuita kwayo kwakanaka, pamwe neNd doped.gadolinium scandiumgallium garnet ine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro.
Kushandiswa kweneodymium
Mushandisi mukuru weneodymiumndeye neodymium iron boron zvachose magineti zvinhu.Neodymium iron boron magineti ane yakakwira magineti simba chigadzirwa uye inozivikanwa seyazvino "mambo wemagineti asingagumi".Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akadai semagetsi nemichina nekuda kwekuita kwavo kwakanaka.Francis Wall, purofesa wezvicherwa paCumburn School of Mining paUniversity of Exeter kuUK, akati: “Panyaya yemagineti, hapana makwikwi.neodymium.”Kubudirira kubudirira kweAlpha magnetic spectrometer kunoratidza kuti magineti akasiyana eChina eneodymium iron boron magineti asvika pamazinga epasi rose.
Neodymium magineti pane hard disk
Neodymiuminogona kushandiswa kugadzira maceramics, girazi repepuru inopenya, marubhi ekugadzira mumalaser, uye girazi rakakosha rinogona kusefa mwaranzi ye infrared.Inoshandiswa pamwe chetepraseodymiumkugadzira magirazi evashandi vanofuridza magirazi.
Kuwedzera 1.5% kusvika 2.5% nanoneodymium oxidekune magnesium kana aruminiyamu alloys inogona kuvandudza yakanyanya-tembiricha mashandiro, airtightness, uye corrosion resistance yealloy, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sechinhu chemuchadenga.
Nanometeryttrium aluminiumgarnet yakashongedzwa nayoneodymium oxideinogadzira short wave laser matanda, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yewelding nekucheka zvitete zvitete zvine ukobvu hwepasi pe10mm.
Nd: YAG laser tsvimbo
Mukuita zvekurapa, nanoyttrium aluminiumgarnet lasers yakashongedzwa ne nanoKuchena Kwepamusoro 99.9% Neodymium Oxide CAS No 1313-97-9 (epomaterial.com)anoshandiswa panzvimbo pemapanga ekuvhiya kubvisa maronda ekuvhiya kana kuuraya utachiona.
Neodymiumgirazi rinogadzirwa nekuwedzeraneodymium oxidekugirazi nyungudika.Kazhinji, lavender inoonekwaneodymiumgirazi pasi pechiedza chezuva kana incandescent mwenje, asi inoratidzika mwenje webhuruu pasi pemwenje wefluorescent.Neodymiuminogona kushandiswa kupenda mithunzi yakapfava yegirazi senge pure violet, burgundy, uye inodziya grey.
Neodymiumgirazi
Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji uye kuwedzera uye kuwedzera kweiyo isingawanzo pasi tekinoroji,neodymiumichava nenzvimbo yakakura yekushandisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-26-2023